I think of self-absorbtion as a “root and branches” problem.
There’s the root of the problem, which is our misunderstanding of our true nature. We identify with this bag of skin and its opinions, thoughts and preferences, and fail to see beyond that limited view to the fullness of our being.
Then there are the branches that are nourished by the root. These are our habitual patterns of thinking based on that root misunderstanding. A lifetime of seeing the world in terms of “self” and “other” wears grooves, so to speak, of habitual thinking and behaviors that we constantly tend to fall back into.
Ultimately, the root has to be cut. We have to directly see the illusory nature of what we have always taken to be our self – see its emptiness, lack of substance. Do that and your true nature stands revealed. This can’t be an intellectual undertaking. There is no way to convince your self that your self is illusory. This can only happen through penetrating insight.
One can prune away at the “branches”, making an effort to direct one’s attention away from self-interest and toward others, and that’s important work; but as long as the root is intact, the branches keep reestablishing themselves. Deep down, one still is under the spell of being a separate self in a world of others. Pruning the branches weakens that illusion somewhat, and may make it easier to eventually cut the root, but that stroke of insight is the only way to really dispatch it.
Even after cutting the root, the branches, those mental and behavioral habits, carry forward, even though they’ve been cut off from their source. It’s still easy to fall back into those old patterns. But once the emptiness of self has been seen into, something fundamental has shifted, and those old habits no longer have quite the same hold.