Of course bad people perceive the world differently from the way good people perceive it. Then again, good people perceive it differently from other good people, and bad people perceive it differently from other bad people. In fact, come to think of it, everyone perceives the world differently.
Societies form and they make rules and when enough people agree on the rules, you can sort people into those who follow the rules and those who don’t. People who don’t follow the rules will almost invariably say that the rules are wrong or bad or stupid for one reason or another, and this justifies the need to break those rules.
A few people will agree that they are “bad” and they will break the rules simply because they don’t like them of they don’t care, even if the rules are right.
As you say, notions of good and bad are subjective. They are built on the prevailing values of the community. Almost no one, I think, thinks of themselves as a bad person. They think of themselves as being different from other, for the most part. However, when they are told they are wrong often enough, then yes, they will think of themselves as bad. They will be aware they perceive the world in a way that is different from the prevailing societal point of view.
I am such a person. I have been faced with this idea that either I am a bad person in a good society, or that I am a good person in a bad society. When I am healthy, I take the latter point of view. When I am sick, I believe I am wrong, and that I might as well kill myself since I don’t fit in this society and never can fit in. In general, I’d rather be a good person who doesn’t fit in this particular soceity (instead of a bad person who is not reformable and should kill himself). But there are times when the drag of not agreeing with various rules is too much, and I’d rather just stop it all.