It really depends upon two things; the color and size of the designs in question.
There needs to be a significant size differential between the designs of they’ll be competing.
So small paisley a with large plaid or houndstooth would most likely work, depending upon the colors.
As for colors, they should be complimentary to each other on the color wheel. Or, better yet, if one of the designs (such as the polka dot or houndstooth) were a simple black and white, then any other color of plaid or whatever would be fine. (As long as the size differential is maintained.)
Here is one example of a company using the basic principles of this design ethos with significant success although they tend more towards flowers rather than strictly paisley.
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http://www.mackenzie-childs.com/
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