There are many different theories on how the brain works. A very widely accepted theory is CRUM(Computational Representational Understanding of the Mind). In this theory, the brain is compared to a computer where neurons are like transistors or circuits. While I do not agree with this theory, it is very prevalent in cognitive science.
CRUM basically states that we think using data structures and logic within the mind. For instance, habits and certain social scripts are formed via if-then-else statements in the mind. It also comprises ideas that we classify and categorize certain concepts, memories, and experiences and operate on them like a computer would. An example would be adding color or size to an object in the mind using a mental representation that is analogous to data structures in coding that hold an object with characteristic fields.
There is much disagreement on this hypothesis, but CRUM has been the most theoretically and experimentally successful approach to mind ever developed.
I took a cognitive science course where we completely focused on comparison between the human brain and a computer. The book we used:http://www.amazon.com/Mind-Introduction-Cognitive-Science-Edition/dp/026270109X. This is a very good book and even covers different types of creativity and how creativity occurs in the individual mind as well as for collective groups of thinkers. While it does not cover a lot about schizophrenia, there are a lot of things you can learn from the book and then infer about the connection between schizophrenia and creativity. Youtube produces a few search results on the topic, but I don’t think it will give you the answer you are looking for. I hope this helps.