The upper limit speed to running is based on muscles, not on the joints.
World class competitive downhill skiers fly down slopes aided by skis at speeds above 70 mph. And they have absorb the shocks of bumps and landings at that speed while remaining in control and aerodynamic, so I would say the human joints can handle speeds much great than the speeds generated by running.
Not much. In relatively slow speed auto accidents, heads are easily separated from the torso to go through the windshield and continue on, bouncing willy-nilly down the highway.