Having played and studied music over the past 50+ years, I am of the opinion that the mood of the music has to do with the cultural context in which it is performed.
One of my musical mentors said that a minor chord seems to sound sad because the intervals are more discordant than a major chord. The explanation was much more detailed, but after years experience, I’m not sure if that is it. I actually believe it is much more cultural and learned than anything else.
According to this theory (extremely simplified) major chords (such as this C Major) sound “happy” and minor chords (such as this C minor sound more “sad”, and at first listen, to western ears, it is true.
However, if we listen to You Oughta Know (Alanis Morissette) we hear a minor tonality, with a definite happy feel to the song. Conversely, I Dreamed a Dream (from_Les Miserables_) is written in a major key, but definitely has a sad message.
There is a lot of Euro-American folk music that doesn’t fit the major=happy/minor=sad meme as well. And when you look beyond western music, there are many happy songs where the tonality would be the equivalent of minor.