I am friends with a number of vets who were there.
Amongst them, people who saw the people and environment first hand, there are differing attitudes.
Mingling the strongest feelings from each viewpoint, this is what I see.
The people are settled in primitive lifestyle, attitude, learning. They have lived in the same ways for more generations than we can count. There are those who can’t wrap their brains around change. Others see benefit to modernization, and feel excited by the prospect of benefitting from certain moves forward. Even those people though, are internally conflicted about how to mesh ancient ways with progress. Very few will fight, even to provide safety for their families. Others, are divided over fighting with people who can help them modernize, and not fighting against people more closely tied to their long standing ways.
I will include some video links, one being a man trying to convince a village the advantage of tractor versus hand farming.
The people want advancement, at least in some things, but the chasm between their existence and ours is incomprehensibly deep and wide.
A big issue over the handling of the withdrawal is the equipment left behind. Military advisers know better than to have left such grabs for the taliban, but their warnings were ignored. That very issue makes extraction all the more dangerous.
Efforts are in the works, but the methods are hindered.
Tractors
This one is eleven years old.
More recently
Notice the change, this is over three years ago.
Improved irrigation
So changes have been taking place, but imagine how it must be. Remember people who had to learn online activity, and smartphones from their kids? So, there are people who want to be safe, but don’t want to leave home. Sorting all the details would have been better served if timetables had allowed for more planning.