C. difficile rates have been rising worldwide, so 5 years ago you were likely on the front edge of that effect. Also, you were taking clindamycin, which is the most likely antibiotic to cause C. difficile. Although C. difficile has been known to occur from any antibiotic, it is less likely with clarithromycin.
Sadly, taking antibiotics for longer than 3 days increases your risk of C. difficile 2 fold, so, while 10 days may seem short, it will increase your risk a bit. That said, its been 5 years since you had C. difficile. While the spores are quite hardy, I doubt you will have a recurrence this time. Of course, you’ll know that if you develop diarrhea to get evaluated ASAP.
With respect to the timing of the antibiotics and probiotics, I don’t think timing will matter much, though, to be safe, I would space them out. There are billions of bacteria in every pill and scoop of yogurt, and so even if the clarithromycin kills 99%, that still leaves hundreds of millions of bacteria.