I don’t think there’s a national database in the US available online for all corporations. As @bob_ says, you could use the SEC for publicly traded companies.
Usually you’ll be able to find a database for a particular state, such as in this case, California: http://kepler.ss.ca.gov/
Here’s the record for Fluther, for example.
Maybe someone else knows of a national database, but I couldn’t find one and haven’t heard of one. Hope this helps, though.