I was going to say “noise”, but then I realized it depends on context.
I am very sensitive to noise and it can jam my ability to think straight, which prevents me from doing any of the kinds of work I do. However it depends on the type of noise. Cat meowing, television, talking radio, music I dislike (rap, country), people talking in certain ways, etc can prevent me from working. But other music, typical cafe sounds, weather, and some other types of noise don’t bother me and can even help me focus.
Temperature tends not to matter unless I’m too uncomfortable. Too much heat can definitely make it impossible for me to work. Summer afternoons can be a problem.
Lighting usually doesn’t matter much. Unless by “lighting” you mean complete darkness. That makes it hard to see my keyboard.