Yes, of course. We would create star bellied sneetches.
I remember about 35 years ago reading an article that clothing style and brand names were becoming the new way people were grouping themselves. It was when it was becoming really popular to wear a designer name on your shirt in huge letters, and Ralph Lauren has his little polo man on the left upper quadrant of his shirts, etc. There were very distinct styles out there; grunge, punk, preppy, and the list goes on. The article argued fashion was becoming the new church denominations. You knew someone was similar to you by what they wore.
Throughout history groups have done things to identify themselves to each other. Way back in the day Christian men shaved to distinguish from Jews. Some religious groups have very strict rules for head coverings and clothing and you can often pick people out in a crowd who likely have the same cultural norms and beliefs.
Whether groups are intolerant of each other has to do with several things. If there is scarcity of resources then that is a stressor where people might become intolerant of another group. If the other group has very different norms and mores that can create a problem too. Ethnocentrism plays a part in the fears people have of a new culture trying to change an existing one.
Then you have leaders who might decide certain groups will threaten their power, and that will create conflict.