A long and complicated, yet interesting read. I had no idea the US received less slaves than the Caribbean and latin america. But it still confirms that it was a common practice to rape black women.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929720302007
“An Americas-wide African female sex-bias can be attributed to known accounts of rape of enslaved African women by slave owners and other sexual exploitation.19,26,62,66 Regional differences may be due to higher mortality in enslaved males in Latin America as well as a common practice called branqueamento, or racial whitening, which involved women marrying lighter-skinned men with the intention of producing lighter-skinned children.1,25,27,62,67
,25,27,62,67 National branqueamento policies were implemented in multiple Latin American countries, funding and subsidizing European immigrant travels with the intention to dilute African Ancestry through reproduction with light-skinned Europeans.68 Conversely, the smaller African female sex-bias seen in former British colonies could be due to the practice of coercing enslaved people to have children as a means of maintaining enslaved workforces nearing the abolition of the transatlantic slave trade.69 In some areas, such as the United States, enslaved women were incentivized to reproduce with the promise of freedom following the birth of many children.20 Furthermore, racist ideologies in the United States led to the segregation of people of African descent as opposed to promotion of European admixture.70 Overall, the inhumane practices associated with institutionalized slavery, though differing across the Americas, all resulted in an African-female sex bias despite the preponderance of males among those enslaved”
It seems they had tourism associated with white males coming to plantations to have sex and rape black women because they just had to get rid of dark skin. Except in America where segregation was more popular.